Comparing Different Weights to Construct Composite Indicators of Maternal and Child's Basic Health Services from the Prospective of Continuum of Care:Based on Data from the National Health Services Survey 2008 and 2013 in Jilin Province / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To construct composite indicators of maternal and child's basic health services using different weights from the prospective of continuum of care and to compare them based on data from the National Health Services Survey 2008 and 2013 in Jilin Province. Methods The study selected indicators based on the countdown and the Lives Saved Tool(LiST),considering the data availability from the 2008 and 2013 National Health Surveys in Jilin.Equal weights,equal weights for different areas,epidemiology weights,and principal component weights were used to construct different composite indicators.Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was used to test the internal consistency.Analysis of variance of randomized block design was used to test the differences.The Spearman's correlation coefficient was calculated to compare the rank correlation.The maternal mortality,children under 5 years old mortality rate,and children under 5 years old stunting incidence were used as the outcome indicators to test the validity using correlation analysis. Results Finally 13 indicators were selected,with the Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient value exceeding 0.7,which means acceptable internal consistency of these indicators.Analysis of variance showed that the scores were not significantly the same(F=8.14,P<0.01).The rank correlations among equal weights,principal component weights,and equal weights for different areas composite indicators were quite strong,and the Spearman's correlation coefficient between either two were all above 0.9,while the epidemiology weights composite indicator got smaller Spearman's correlation coefficient with equal weights,principal component weights,and equal weights for different areas composite indicators(0.697,0.671,and 0.818,respectively).The composite indicator using epidemiology weights showed significant negative correlation with children under 5 years old mortality rate and children under 5 years old stunting incidence(R=0.168,P<0.05;R=0.398,P<0.01,respectively).The composite indicators using equal weights,equal weights for different areas and principal component weights only showed significant negative correlation with children under 5 years old stunting incidence(R=0.238,R=0.304,R=0.232,P<0.01 for all,respectively).Conclusion The composite indicator using epidemiology objective weights has some predictive value for maternal and child health outcomes.

Generation of a P19-alphaMHC-EGFP reporter line and cardiomyocyte differentiation / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To generate a P19-alphaMHC-EGFP reporter line and induce cardiomyocyte differentiation of this reporter line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The P19 cells were transfected with palphaMHC-EGFP, a P19-alphaMHC-EGFP reporter line was obtained after G418 selection and limited dilution of recombinant clones. The reporter line was induced to differentiate into cardiomyocytes which would beat and express green fluorescent protein. A comparison of cardiomyocyte differentiation rate and cTnI expression amount between the reporter line and the untransfected P19 cells was also performed. The ultrastructure was observed under transmission electron microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The ultrastructure characteristics indicated cardiomyocytes-like changes on induction day 10. The beating cardiomyocytes which express GFP appear in the seventh induction day. The cardiomyocyte differentiation rate and cTnI expression amount of P19-alphaMHC-EGFP reporter line were similar as those in untransfected P19 cells (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The P19-alphaMHC-EGFP reporter line is of great benefit for identifying and purifying cardiomyocytes from undifferentiated P19 cells without influencing the differentiation of P19 cells. This feature makes P19-alphaMHC-EGFP reporter line a promising cell source for clinical cardiomyocyte replacement therapy.</p>

Ureteroscopic holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy for managing urinary tract calculi / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ureteroscopic holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy for managing ureteral calculi.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ureteroscopic holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy was used in 168 ureteral calculi (proximal 27 cases, middle 33 cases, distal 108 cases). Transurethral cystoscopic holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy in 12 bladder calculi.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four to six weeks after operation, The stone-free rate was 93% (25/27) in the proximal ureteral calculi, 94% (31/33) in the middle ureteral calculi, 94% (102/108) in the distal ureteral calculi, respectively. The complication rate was 5% (8 cases). the stone-free rate of bladder calculi was 100% (12/12), no complication.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ureteroscopic holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy is a highly effective and safe treatment modality for managing ureteral calculi.</p>

Influence of suramin on the proliferation of prostatic carcinoma cells PC-3M / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To examine the effects of suramin on the growth, cell cycle and apoptosis of a hormone refractory prostate cancer cell line PC-3M, and to explore the possible mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The roles of diverse concentrations (10, 50, 100 and 200 mumol/L) of suramin on PC-3M cell proliferation at different ratios of fetal calf serum (FCS) (2%, 5%, 10%) were assayed respectively by trypan blue exclusion and tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The effect of suramin on cell cycle distribution and apoptosis induction of PC-3M cells was evaluated with flow cytometry (FCM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A higher dosage of suramin (200 mumol/L) had a cytotoxic effect on PC-3M cells, while lower dosages from 10 to 100 mumol/L produced a predominant inhibiting effect. Suramin could also play a growth suppressive role in the culture media containing 10% FCS, but to a much less extent than in the media containing lower concentrations(5%, 2%) of FCS. FCM analysis exhibited that suramin at a high dosage of 200 mumol/L could induce apoptosis, and at the other concentrations, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Suramin's proliferative suppression on PC-3M cells might result from several mechanisms including antagonistic action on growth stimulation via growth factor, arrest of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis.</p>

Laggera pterodonta--a Yunnan Herbal Medicine / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVE: A systematic study of Laggera pterodonta was performed in order to identify its bioactive compounds. METHODS: Solvent partition and column chromatography used to isolate and purify Laggera pterodonta compounds. The isolated compounds were further elucidated by high field NMR spectroscopy. RESULTS: Fifty-two compounds were separated and the structures of 39 compounds were elucidated. Twenty-four compounds have not been previously reported. For example, the structure of compound 19, a previously undetected compound was elucidated as 4gamma, 9alpha,11-triol-enantio-eudesmane using both 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Major secondary metabolites of the Laggera pterodonta included eudesmane-type sesquiterpenes and flavone derivatives. CONCLUSION: A systematic study of a yunnan herbal medicine Laggera pterodonta resvealed several novel compounds that may have clinical significance. Further in vivo animal studies should be performed to assess their bioactive role.